在6-23个月的印度儿童中,最低的饮食多样性存在地理差异
Soumen Barik1, Anuj Singh2, Mayank Singh3
1Department of fertility & Social Demography, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, 400088, India.
International journal of health geographics
|December 17, 2025
概括
印度儿童饮食的多样性显示出显著的区域差距,中部和北部地区需要紧急干预. 南部和东北部地区展示了更好的实践,突出了打击儿童营养不良的有针对性的战略的需要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 空间流行病学 空间流行病学
背景情况:
- 饮食多样性对于儿童的营养 (6-23个月) 是至关重要的,影响微量营养素摄入量.
- 印度面临着儿童营养不良的严重负担,只有不到三分之一的人达到最低饮食多样性 (MDD) 标准.
- 这项研究解决了MDD的地理差异,与可持续发展目标2 (零饥饿) 保持一致.
研究的目的:
- 检查印度儿童 (6-23个月) 中的最低饮食多样性 (MDD) 的地理差异.
- 为了确定儿童饮食多样性的区域不平等,以告知有针对性的干预措施.
- 探索MDD的地理变异的决定因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了国家家庭健康调查-5 (NFHS-5, 2019-2021) 对63,247名儿童 (6-23个月) 的数据.
- 定义的MDD是从八个食物组中至少有五个食物的食物消费.
- 采用空间分析:合乐谱绘图,热点分析,普通Kriging和地理加权回归 (GWR).
主要成果:
- 不充分的MDD的患病率为77.06%,具有显著的地理差异.
- 南部和东北部的州表现出更好的饮食习惯;中部和北部地区 (比哈尔,UP,MP,查蒂斯加尔) 的饮食不足率很高 (80.10-96.00%).
- 在空间上,GWR揭示了不同的预测因素:更好的卫生条件和母亲的媒体曝光与较低的MDD相关,而母亲的体重不足显示出积极的关联.
结论:
- 在不充分的MDD中存在严重的地理差异,需要针对特定区域进行干预.
- 印度中部和北部地区的饮食多样性不足需要紧急关注.
- 专注于母亲营养,卫生,媒体曝光和母亲年龄的综合方法是改善儿童饮食多样性的关键.
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