在REM睡眠行为障碍和帕金森病中的感觉嗅觉子网络中的功能连接:试点研究
Michael Gardner1, Gosia Phillips2, Kerrie Schoffer2
1Department of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
概括
异常性快速眼动睡眠行为障碍 (iRBD) 显示了类似于帕金森病 (PD) 的嗅觉障碍. 感觉嗅觉子网络中的这些变化可能作为PD发展的早期临床前生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经学 神经学
- 功能神经成像 功能神经成像
背景情况:
- 帕金森病 (PD) 诊断依赖于运动症状,在显著的神经退行后出现.
- 早期识别临床前标志物对于PD干预至关重要.
- 异常性快速眼动睡眠行为障碍 (iRBD) 是PD的高风险前体,经常表现出嗅觉障碍 (缺血症).
研究的目的:
- 调查早期PD和iRBD感官嗅觉子网络 (SOS) 中的功能连接 (FC) 变化.
- 为了确定这些SOS变化是否与这两种情况的嗅觉功能障碍 (低微症) 有关.
- 探索潜在的PD临床前生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 利用宾夕法尼亚大学的气味识别测试 (UPSIT) 来评估嗅觉功能.
- 采用基于种子的SOS区域 (包括insula和thalamus) 的静止状态功能连接 (rsFC) 分析.
- 在早期PD患者,iRBD患者和健康对照 (HC) 中比较rsFC和UPSIT得分.
主要成果:
- 与HC相比,iRBD和PD组的UPSIT分数明显较差.
- 在iRBD和PD组的SOS中观察到改变的rsFC,包括INSd-INSv之间的连接性降低和涉及THLvp的连接性增加.
- 嗅觉测试性能 (UPSIT) 与特定的SOS连接 (INSv-THLvp,INSp-THLvp) 有负相关.
结论:
- 异形性iRBD表现出类似于早期PD的功能和感知嗅觉改变.
- 这些嗅觉变化和iRBD中相关的网络变化可能代表了补偿机制.
- 研究结果表明,iRBD的嗅觉网络变化有望成为PD的潜在临床前生物标志物.
相关概念视频
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
1.3K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
RBD is significantly associated with...
1.3K
Olfaction
48.0K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
48.0K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure
11.1K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
11.1K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway
12.1K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The olfactory...
12.1K
Neural Regulation
43.0K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
43.0K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
366
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
366


