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为患有肥胖的青少年提供多模式健康行为改变干预措施
Juan Va Franco1, Yang Guo1, Brenda Bongaerts1
1Institute of General Practice, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|December 18, 2025
概括
多模式健康行为干预措施对青少年肥胖管理的长期益处有限. 虽然以社区为基础的项目可能会略有改善身体健康和BMI,但对心理健康和活动水平的影响是最小的.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 青少年肥胖是一个重要的全球健康问题,具有复杂的病因.
- 目前的管理策略侧重于与健康相关的行为变化 (饮食,体育活动,行为修改).
- 对于这些干预措施的长期可持续性和有效性存在不确定性.
研究的目的:
- 评估多式联络健康行为改变干预措施对患有肥胖的青少年 (10-19岁) 的影响.
- 评估对身体和精神健康,体力活动,与健康相关的生活质量 (HRQoL) 和人类学的影响.
主要方法:
- 33项随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析,涉及5949名青少年.
- 干预措施包括饮食,体育活动和行为组成部分,在社区或医疗保健机构提供.
- 评估的结果包括身体/精神健康,体力活动,HRQoL,BMI z-score和不良事件.
主要成果:
- 基于社区的干预措施显示,12个月后身体健康和BMI z-score 略有改善.
- 基于医疗保健的干预措施在12个月后显示HRQoL略有改善.
- 对于这两种干预类型,观察到对心理健康和身体活动有显著影响的有限证据.
结论:
- 多模式行为干预措施为青少年肥胖提供了适度的短期益处,根据分娩环境产生不同的影响.
- 长期有效性和对心理健康等关键结果的影响仍然不确定.
- 未来的研究应该探索创新的方法,并包括多样化,代表性不足的人口.
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