成年移植患者的移植后恶性瘤
Mehmet Nezir Ramazanoglu1, Aydan Farzaliyeva, Emre Karakaya
1From the Department of Medical Oncology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye.
概括
器官移植接受者面临由于免疫抑制而增加的癌症风险. 通过密切监测,早期发现移植后恶性瘤对于及时干预和改善患者结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 移植医学 移植医学 移植医学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫抑制研究 免疫抑制研究
背景情况:
- 与普通人群相比,器官移植接受者患癌症的风险明显高.
- 这种风险增加归因于移植后的生存时间延长以及长期免疫抑制治疗的必要性.
- 癌症是移植中心的主要健康问题,并影响患者管理策略.
研究的目的:
- 在一个中心评估器官移植受体中各种癌症的发病率.
- 为了识别脏,肝脏和心脏移植接受者的恶性瘤类型.
- 分析与移植后癌症发展相关的人口和供体相关因素.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2023年,在土耳其的Başkent大学医学院医院进行了一项回顾性单中心研究.
- 包括18岁或以上的,肝脏和心脏移植接受者.
- 对1321名符合条件的接受者进行了移植后随访期间癌症诊断数据的分析.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,6.2% (82个1321个中) 的移植接受者患有癌症.
- 最常见的癌症是基底细胞或状细胞皮肤癌 (40.3%),其次是移植后的淋巴增殖性疾病/淋巴瘤 (15.9%).
- 癌症发病率因器官而异:脏为6.0%,肝脏为7.8%,心脏移植患者为4.3%.
结论:
- 移植后恶性瘤是一个重大的健康问题,需要在移植护理中加以关注.
- 密切监测和早期发现移植受体的癌症对于有效的干预和改善预后至关重要.
- 及时诊断有助于治疗,通常是通过手术切除,这凸显了对这种高风险人群的警监测的必要性.
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