景观协会和总体性食肉动物的种群遗传学在一个范围的极限
Bailey A Kleeberg1, Robert C Lonsinger2, Jennifer R Adams3
1Department of Natural Resource Ecology Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America.
PloS one
|December 18, 2025
概括
美国黑熊正在扩张到俄克拉荷马州西部,通过摄像头陷和遗传分析检测到. 它们的存在与环境因素有关,该地区估计有26只熊.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态学野生动物生态学
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
- 哺乳动物学 哺乳动物学
背景情况:
- 美国黑熊 (Ursus americanus) 种群在俄克拉荷马州的Panhandle地区正在增加,超出了它们的历史范围.
- 这种扩张需要对该地区的熊存在,种群动态和生态因素进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估影响美国黑熊检测和俄克拉荷马州西部空间使用模式的因素.
- 为了评估这种不断扩大的范围内的遗传多样性,种群结构和熊的丰富性.
- 为管理潜在的人与熊冲突提供基线数据.
主要方法:
- 在俄克拉荷马州西部160个地点部署了摄像机陷,以检测熊的存在.
- 用于种群分析的非侵入性基因采样 (毛和收获的熊组织).
- 占用模型和捕获-重新捕获模型来估计丰富性和分析空间使用.
主要成果:
- 熊的检测与温度和降水有积极的联系,与一年中的一天有负面联系.
- 空间使用与高度负相关,与斜坡和粗木质碎片负相关.
- 基因分析在俄克拉荷马州发现了21只熊,这表明新墨西哥人口的扩展,估计有26只熊 (95%CI:19-43).
- 检测到显著的异胞缺陷,表明潜在的近亲繁殖或人口结构影响.
结论:
- 美国黑熊正在俄克拉荷马州西部建立存在,受到特定环境条件的影响.
- 该种群似乎与新墨西哥州的现有种群有关,这突显了区域保护战略的必要性.
- 了解这些因素对于预测和减轻这种不断扩大的范围中的未来人类与熊的相互作用至关重要.
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