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淡水鱼中的微塑料和重金属:对污染和健康风险的全面研究

Masoumeh Najibzadeh¹, Amir Ansari²

¹Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, 384817758, Iran.

Environmental research

|December 18, 2025

概括

微塑料和重金属污染在卡什坎河鱼中普遍存在,纤维是最常见的微塑料类型. 联合暴露可能会带来长期的健康风险,需要采取污染控制干预措施.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
生态毒理学生态毒理学
分析化学分析化学

背景情况:

淡水生态系统面临着微塑料 (MP) 和重金属越来越多的污染.
评估食用鱼类中的共同污染和联合风险对环境和人类健康至关重要.
伊朗西南部的卡什坎河是这些污染物潜在的沉点,原因是环境压力不同.

研究的目的:

同时调查来自卡什坎河的Cyprinion macrostomus和Barbus grypus中的微塑料和重金属污染.
确定主要的微塑料类型和聚合物,并量化鱼类组织中的重金属度.
评估这些污染物的同时发生,相关性和相关的健康风险.

主要方法:

从卡什坎河沿线的三个站点采集了鱼样 (n=48).
微观和富里埃变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 用于微塑料的识别.
感应合等离子光学发射光谱法 (ICP-OES) 分析了重金属度 (Pb,Cr,Cd,Zn,Cu).
进行了统计分析,包括回归和风险评估 (PHI,EDI,THQ,HI,CR).

主要成果:

79%的鱼样被微塑料污染,主要是纤维 (<0.25毫米).
聚乙烯二甲 (PET) 和聚乙烯 (PVC) 是最常见的聚合物.
在鱼类肌肉中,Zn和Cu的重金属度最高.
在金属污染指数 (MPI) 和微塑料丰富度之间发现了显著的正相关性.
一些聚合物 (PVC,PEUR) 通过聚合物危险指数 (PHI) 表示非常高风险类别.

结论:

在Kashkan河鱼中确认了微塑料和重金属的同时存在.
虽然金属的直接健康风险在标准消费下很低,但联合暴露和鱼内脏的消费可能会造成长期的危害.
需要紧急的管理干预,以控制这种淡水生态系统中的混合污染.

关键词:

鱼类污染鱼类污染淡水淡水的水是什么重金属是一种重金属.人类健康风险人类健康风险微塑料是一种微塑料.

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