上转化纳米粒子标记爆炸物和单颗粒子ICP-MS的爆炸后残留分析
Tim Steinwachs1, Sophia Jolanta Baumann2, Tilo Daniel Schachel3
1Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Analytical chemistry
|December 18, 2025
概括
升级纳米粒子 (UCNPs) 可以作为在自动取款机 (ATM) 攻击中使用的爆炸物中的法医标记物. spICP-MS分析成功检测到爆炸后的UCNP,有助于追踪爆炸源.
科学领域:
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 使用即兴爆炸装置 (IED) 进行的自动取款机 (ATM) 攻击对公共安全的担忧日益增加.
- 目前用于追踪ATM攻击中使用的爆炸物的方法缺乏足够的细节来确定特定的来源.
- 升级纳米颗粒 (UCNPs) 提供了作为新型法医标签的潜力,以提高可追溯性.
研究的目的:
- 调查UCNP作为ATM攻击中常用的爆炸物中的法医标签的有效性.
- 评估使用单颗粒感应合等离子体质谱法 (spICP-MS) 检测和恢复UCNP爆炸后的情况.
- 评估引爆对UCNP颗粒大小和分布在不同爆炸矩阵和目标材料上的影响.
主要方法:
- 两种类型的UCNP (NaYF4:Yb,Er和NaYbF4:Tm) 被纳入闪光粉和基于聚合物结合的聚合物爆炸物 (PBX).
- 进行了试验性爆炸,并从不同距离的铜,和石英玻璃目标板上收集了残留物.
- 使用spICP-MS进行了残留分析,用于UCNP检测和颗粒大小分布分析.
主要成果:
- 在爆炸后的残留物中,spICP-MS成功地和可重复地检测到UCNP.
- 纳入闪光粉中的UCNPs在爆炸后显示了最小的颗粒大小减少 (2.46.7%).
- 基于PETN的爆炸物中的UCNP体验了更大的尺寸缩小 (33.446.0%),在目标材料中没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- UCNP是ATM攻击中使用的爆炸物的可行的法医标签.
- spICP-MS是一种有效的分析技术,用于检测爆炸后残留物中的UCNP.
- 这项技术可以显著提高爆炸物的可追溯性,帮助法律当局识别供应商和分销网络.
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