胰岛素缓解高盐饮食引起的认知障碍:通过肠-大脑轴对多目标调节机制的研究
Huajing Gao1, Qifang Guo2, Qinglin Qu1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|December 18, 2025
概括
胰岛素补充剂通过增强有益的肠道细菌和短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 来改善高盐饮食的小鼠的认知功能和肠道健康. 这种饮食干预的目标是肠-大脑轴,以对抗盐引起的损伤.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 长期高盐饮食 (HSD) 与认知障碍和肠道问题有关.
- 对HSD相关疾病的有效干预措施仍然有限.
- 肠-大脑轴在认知功能和肠道健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究胰岛素补充剂对HSD诱导的认知缺陷和小鼠肠道病理的影响.
- 阐明涉及肠道微生物群和短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 的潜在机制.
- 确定"胰岛素-微生物群-SCFA"轴在调节肠-大脑轴中的作用.
主要方法:
- 小鼠接受了长期的HSD,其中一些接受了胰岛素补充剂.
- 用行为测试评估认知功能.
- 分析了肠道微生物组成,肠道屏障完整性,SCFA水平和神经炎症标志物.
- 研究了SCFA受体 (FFAR2/FFAR3) 和炎症通路 (TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB) 的表达.
- 外源性SCFA被用于验证发现.
主要成果:
- 胰岛素补充剂显著改善了HSD小鼠的学习和记忆.
- 胰岛素恢复了肠道屏障的完整性,并增加了便和全身SCFA.
- 胰岛素上调SCFA受体 (FFAR2/FFAR3) 和降低了全身LPS水平.
- 胰岛素通过抑制TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路来抑制海马神经炎症.
- 外源性SCFA模仿了胰岛素的有益作用.
结论:
- 胰岛素补充剂有效地减轻HSD引起的认知缺陷和肠道损伤.
- "胰岛素-微生物群-SCFA"轴是这些益处的关键机制.
- 胰岛素通过重塑肠道微生物群和增强SCFA生产来调节肠-大脑轴.
- 胰岛素显示出作为一种与HSD相关的认知和肠道疾病的饮食干预的潜力.
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