肠道微生物群调节蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 的厌恶性学习和记忆
Wangjiang Feng1, Li Zhang1, Jing Li2,3
1State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|December 18, 2025
概括
蜜蜂的肠道微生物群对于厌恶性学习和防御性行为的记忆至关重要. 特定的肠道细菌通过铁代谢影响多巴胺水平,影响社会昆虫的认知功能.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 越来越多的人认为,宿主行为是由肠-大脑相互作用调节的.
- 蜜蜂的刺痛延伸反射是一种关键的防御行为,但其通过肠道微生物群的调节尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物群在蜂蜜中刺延伸反射的厌恶性学习和记忆中的作用.
- 探索涉及肠道微生物群,氨酸代谢和多巴胺信号传递的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 蜜蜂遭受了无微生物群的条件,并与正常殖民的蜜蜂进行了比较.
- 用代谢学分析来研究氨酸代谢.
- 特定的肠道细菌 (Enterococcus faecium,Enterococcus faecalis) 被口服重新引入.
- 评估了fluphenazine对多巴胺水平和学习的影响.
主要成果:
- 正常的肠道微生物群对厌恶性学习和记忆有显著的贡献.
- 肠道微生物群影响肠道和血淋巴中的氨酸代谢.
- 在没有微生物群的蜜蜂中,口服重新引入特定的Enterococcus物种恢复了学习和记忆,与通过氨酸增加的大脑多巴胺相关.
- 多巴胺水平的药理降低会影响学习和记忆.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群在蜂蜜中调节厌恶性学习和记忆方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 铁代谢和随后的多巴胺调节是肠道细菌影响社会昆虫认知行为的关键机制.
- 这些发现凸显了肠道微生物群对蜜蜂认知能力的有益影响.
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