西尼罗河病毒在德国的流通动态,2023年和2024年
Anne Schwarzer1, Franziska Schopf1,2, Martin H Groschup1,2
1Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Virology journal
|December 18, 2025
概括
西尼罗河病毒系2 (WNV-2) 在德国在地理上正在扩大,在鸟类中检测到的主导子集群2.5.3.4.3c. 这凸显了正在进行的演变以及对WNV的跨境监测的需要.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 野生动物疾病监测 野生动物疾病监测
背景情况:
- 西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 是一种重要的树冠病毒,在欧洲的地理范围正在扩大.
- 鸟类作为放大宿主,而Culex pipiens复合物作为WNV动物循环中的载体.
- 在全球范围内已经确定了9个WNV血统,需要进行持续的遗传表征.
研究的目的:
- 在2023年至2024年期间,调查西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 在德国的遗传多样性.
- 专注于鸟类水库宿主中的WNV遗传特征.
- 确定在德国流传的WNV血统及其遗传变异.
主要方法:
- 从2023-2024年在全国范围内收集的86种鸟类样本中WNV RNA的全基因组测序 (WGS).
- 在RNA提取和RT-qPCR后,利用MinION技术进行WGS.
- 对WGS数据的遗传学分析,以确定WNV血统和子集群.
主要成果:
- 在所有阳性鸟类样本中确定了西尼罗河病毒系2 (WNV-2).
- 欧亚海是最常见的WNV阳性物种.
- WNV-2 主要聚集在2.5.3.4.3c子集群内 (73%),与2.5.3.2子集群的共流通 (27%),表明至少有两个不同的WNV-2变体.
结论:
- 在最初发现7年后,WNV-2已经在德国建立并扩大了地理范围.
- 2.5.3.4.3c子集群的占主导地位表明相互连接的区域传输链.
- 持续的病毒进化和跨境监测对于WNV控制至关重要.
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