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During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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使用阵列光学元件开发和验证气象光学范围定义复制方法.

Dongpeng Yang, Jian Zhang, Dianwu Ren

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    本研究引入了一种新方法,使用先进的光学组件重现气象光学范围 (MOR) 定义. 开发的系统提高了可见度测量的准确性和可追溯性.

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    科学领域:

    • 光学工程是指光学工程.
    • 计量学 计量学 计量学
    • 大气科学 大气科学

    背景情况:

    • 准确地复制气象光学范围 (MOR) 对于可见度测量至关重要.
    • 现有的方法可能缺乏可靠校准所需的精度.

    研究的目的:

    • 提出和验证一种用于复制MOR定义的新方法.
    • 构建一个能够精确复制MOR的系统架构.
    • 为了提高可见度测量的可追溯性和校准性.

    主要方法:

    • 根据光谱均性和纯度选择30个发光二极管 (LED).
    • 实现了一种优化的光学架构,包括双自由形镜头和微镜头阵列.
    • 整合长期短期记忆非主导排序基因算法II (LSTM-NSGA II) 进行系统优化.

    主要成果:

    • 在65 × 65毫米范围内达到96%的辐射均性.
    • 证明光束分歧小于3.6°.
    • 获得了 -4.24%的光谱匹配误差.

    结论:

    • 拟议的方法准确地复制了MOR定义.
    • 开发的系统提高了可见度测量校准的可追溯性.
    • 这种方法为气象光学范围的标准化提供了可靠的解决方案.