"与病人一起学习":产科和妇科学员如何培养患者咨询和知情同意技能
Audrey Panko1, Kristen Venuti2, Anisha Kshetrapal3
1is a Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Journal of graduate medical education
|December 19, 2025
概括
产科和妇科住院医生通过三个阶段学习患者的沟通技巧:基础准备,直接的患者咨询和不断发展的实践. 这项研究揭示了实习生在居住期间如何培养咨询和知情同意方面的专业知识.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 患者沟通 患者沟通
- 社会学习理论社会学习理论
背景情况:
- 有效的患者沟通在医学教育中至关重要,但缺乏标准化的教学.
- 了解学员如何获得沟通技巧对于基于证据的教育策略至关重要.
- 社会学习理论为检查居民技能发展提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 探索产科和妇科 (OB / GYN) 住院人员在患者咨询和知情同意方面的学习经验.
- 应用社会学习理论来理解居民在这些关键的沟通技能的发展.
- 确定OB / GYN居民获得咨询能力的关键阶段和影响.
主要方法:
- 构造主义的立足理论方法.
- 在所有培训年中,与13名妇产科医生住院医生进行了半结构化采访.
- 使用不断比较的代分析来识别患者咨询经验中的主题.
主要成果:
- 居民通过三个代阶段学习咨询和知情同意:准备,交谈和发展.
- "准备"阶段涉及基础教学和体验式学习.
- "对话"阶段侧重于无监督的患者咨询,完善沟通,建立医生与患者的关系,共同做出决策.
- "演变"阶段标志着自主性增加,对细微差别的更深入理解,以及专业身份的形成.
结论:
- 实习生通过发展过程向无监督实践学习患者咨询和知情同意.
- 该研究强调了在住院期间获得沟通技能的代性质.
- 调查结果提供了关于居民在咨询能力和专业身份方面的进步的见解.
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