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可修改的饮食习惯,炎症调解和老年性白内障:通过孟德尔随机化解开因果关系

Jian Deng¹, Liduo Pan¹, Jiangfeng Huang²

¹Department of Ophthalmology Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University Guangzhou People's Republic of China.

Food science & nutrition

|December 19, 2025

概括

与不吃饭饮酒不同的是,饮酒与饮食一起饮用酒精提供了对老年性白内障 (SC) 风险的保护作用. 这种饮食习惯,特别是与饮食一致的酒精消费,可以通过影响炎症途径来减少视力障碍.

科学领域:

眼科和遗传学眼科和遗传学
营养流行病学营养流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

衰老性白内障 (SC) 是全球视力障碍和失明的主要原因,对老龄化人口产生重大影响.
了解可修改的SC风险因素对于公共卫生干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究特定饮食习惯与老年性白内障 (SC) 风险之间的因果关系.
为了确定饮酒时间是否会影响SC风险.
探索炎症生物标志物在调解酒精消费对SC的影响中的作用.

主要方法:

孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析使用83种饮食习惯的遗传变异 (英国生物库) 和SC数据 (FinnGen R12).
采用双向MR,复制MR和多变量MR (MVMR) 进行可靠的关联识别.
两步MR被用来评估由炎症生物标志物 (IL-6,CRP) 调解的作用.
独立的数据集被用于验证,包括整体白内障和白内障手术终点.

主要成果:

与饮食一致的酒精消费表明对SC有显著的保护性因果作用 (OR=0.67).
在对MVMR分析中的混因素进行调整后,这种保护效应仍然显著.
炎症途径,特别是IL-6和CRP,部分介导了保护作用.
独立验证证实了与减少白内障整体风险和白内障手术可能性的相关性.

结论:

与饮食一起饮用酒精因果性地降低了当前饮酒者老年白内障风险.
保护作用部分通过炎症通路进行介导.
预防SC的饮食建议应该考虑饮酒时间,而不仅仅是类型和数量.

关键词:

炎症因素炎症因素门德尔的随机化是门德尔的随机化可改变的饮食习惯.人口老龄化人口老龄化年老的白内障是老年白内障.

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