世界卫生组织在各国创建有利于健康的环境的结构化过程:来自非洲地区的见解和例子
Jennyfer Wolf1, Cristina Vert-Rocca1, Blanche-Philomene Melanga Anya2
1Department of Environment, Climate Change, Migration and One Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
世界卫生组织 (WHO) 制定了一个结构化的流程,以扩大国家层面对环境,气候变化和健康的行动. 这种系统方法整合了基于证据的疾病预防干预措施,并促进了所有人的健康,可持续的环境.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 越来越多的证据将环境因素和气候变化与全球重大健康影响联系在一起.
- 需要有系统的,基于证据的方法来应对这些相互关联的挑战在国家层面.
- 现有的努力往往缺乏跨部门的整合,这阻碍了干预措施的有效扩展.
研究的目的:
- 提出由世界卫生组织 (WHO) 开发的结构化,三步过程,以扩大国家层面对环境,气候变化和健康的行动.
- 为实施定制,数据驱动的干预措施提供框架,这些干预措施应对当地环境,并整合各利益相关者的努力.
- 通过上游,跨部门的方法为疾病预防提供实际指导和资源.
主要方法:
- 开发一个系统的,三步的过程:情况分析,优先与行动相匹配,以及实施支持.
- 创建支持资源,包括数据得分卡,检查清单和干预目录.
- 包括利益相关者沟通和持续变革的战略,用国家实例说明.
主要成果:
- 为各国系统地解决环境,气候变化和健康联系的结构化,可适应的过程.
- 整合基于证据的行动,以适应当地需求和环境.
- 促进卫生,环境,能源和运输部门之间的跨部门合作.
结论:
- 关注环境决定因素的上游方法对于预防疾病至关重要.
- 世卫组织的过程为各国提供了一条实用的途径,以促进健康平等和获得清洁,健康环境的权利.
- 综合行动的系统扩展对于实现全球卫生目标和环境可持续性至关重要.
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