百岁老人中与AD相关的血生物标志物:与认知和神经病理学的联系
Linda M C Lorenz1,2,3, Susan K Rohde1,2,3,4, Maruelle C Luimes1,2,3,4
1Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 19, 2025
概括
像粉样β (Aβ),神经丝光 (NfL) 和状纤维酸蛋白 (GFAP) 这样的等离子体生物标志物可以在百岁老人中检测出早期的认知衰退和神经病理. 然而,化陶氏181 (pTau-181) 主要表明神经病理的晚期.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物标志物研究 生物标志物研究
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 相关的血生物标志物在评估老年人认知功能和神经病理学方面的实用性尚未得到充分证实.
- 百岁老人是研究衰老和神经退行症的独特人群.
研究的目的:
- 调查血生物标志物与百岁老人的认知表现之间的关联.
- 为了将血生物标志物水平与百岁老人的死后神经病理学相关联.
- 确定哪些等离子体生物标志物可以检测早期认知衰退与高级神经病理学.
主要方法:
- 在255名百岁老人中,氨基酸β (Aβ) 42/40比,Aβ40,Aβ42,酸化tau 181 (pTau-181) /Aβ42比,pTau-181,神经丝光 (NfL) 和状纤维酸蛋白 (GFAP) 的量化血度.
- 使用同一天的措施评估认知表现.
- 在60名参与者的小组中检查了与死后Aβ和tau神经病理学的关联.
主要成果:
- 较低的血Aβ40和Aβ42与较差的执行功能,注意力/处理速度以及增加的Aβ神经病理相关.
- 血NfL和GFAP升高与执行功能减弱,处理速度减慢以及Aβ和tau神经病理有关.
- 较高的血pTau-181和pTau-181/Aβ42比率与Aβ和tau神经病理有关,但与认知表现无关.
- 在Aβ42/40比率中,没有显著的关联.
结论:
- 血Aβ,NfL和GFAP显示出在百岁以上的人中检测神经病理和早期认知衰退的潜力.
- 血pTau-181和pTau-181/Aβ42比率似乎反映了更先进的神经病理,而不是早期的认知变化.
- NfL和GFAP度与神经病理学和认知衰退有关,这表明它们在识别老年人早期认知障碍方面的有用性.
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