在英国各地的较低社会经济群体中加强戒烟服务的参与:使用行为变化轮的定性研究
Pamela Smith1, Lucia Dahlby2, Evgeniya Plotnikova2
1Cardiff University School of Medicine, Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK.
概括
改善低社会经济 (LSE) 群体的戒烟服务 (SSS) 需要解决诸如低意识和时间限制等障碍. 定制的,以社区为基础的支持和灵活的交付是增加参与度和戒烟成功的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 英国的戒烟服务 (SSS) 是有效的,戒烟率翻了三倍.
- 在较低的社会经济 (LSE) 群体中,SSS的使用率明显较低.
- 了解和解决LSE群体SSS访问障碍对于改善公共卫生结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索来自英国较低社会经济背景的个人访问和参与SSS的障碍和促进者.
- 确定提高SSS对这些人群的吸引力,可接受性和可访问性的战略.
- 为未来的烟草控制政策和SSS参与战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 半结构面试对英国四个发达国家的114名参与者进行了采访.
- 参与者有目前/最近的吸烟史和不同程度的SSS访问经验.
- 行为变化轮向面试指南和分析提供了信息,重点是干预功能.
主要成果:
- 关键障碍包括对SSS的认识低,时间限制,以及对有效性的怀疑.
- 确定的促进者是灵活的,频繁的支持,免费的尼古丁替代疗法 (NRT) 和积极的顾问报告.
- 提出了教育,环境重组和社区冠军等干预功能.
结论:
- 基于社区的方法和行为支持和NRT的整体提供可以最大限度地提高SSS的覆盖范围和参与度.
- 干预措施必须针对提高LSE群体与SSS接触的能力,动机和机会.
- 针对LSE群体量身定制的SSS策略可以为国家和地方的烟草控制政策提供信息.
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