内热学,神经元计数和其他问题:关于化石脊椎动物神经认知进化的进一步评论
Kai R Caspar1, Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez2, Hady George3
1Institute of Cell Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
|December 19, 2025
概括
像Tyrannosaurus rex这样的大型恐龙并不一定具有灵长类的认知能力. 内热性大脑假说缺乏化石证据,神经元数量与人体质量相关,而不是特殊的智力.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 大型类恐龙的认知能力和行为,如Tyrannosaurus rex,一直在争论,有些人提出灵长类智力.
- 内热性大脑假说表明,内热性 (热血性) 驱动神经认知特征的融合进化.
研究的目的:
- 为了回应对先前工作的批评,挑战了类恐龙的灵长类认知假设.
- 用化石证据评估内热性大脑假设的有效性.
- 重新检查神经元数量,身体质量和已灭绝和现存动物的认知表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 对化石内分泌物进行分析,以评估已灭绝的种群中的大脑大小和比例.
- 对古生物学和进化数据的审查,关于鸟类和哺乳动物血统中的内热和大脑进化.
- 检查不同脊椎动物群体中神经元数量和体质之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 内热性大脑假说并没有得到化石记录的强有力的支持;内热与大脑或高神经元密度共同进化的证据缺乏.
- 带有内热分类的化石群并不总是表现出与鸟类和哺乳动物的一致的大脑特征.
- 神经元数量,特别是在前脑中,与鸟类和哺乳动物的体重一起进化,这表明恐龙的神经元数量可能并不表明高级认知能力.
结论:
- 大型热足类恐龙拥有灵长类认知能力的说法没有得到当前证据的支持.
- 内热性大脑假说需要从化石记录中得到更强有力的支持.
- 中世恐龙的神经元数量估计仍然不可靠,无法推断认知复杂性.
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