政策投资组合选择,鼓励在电力系统中部署负排放技术
Erick O Arwa1, Ahmed Abdulla1, Kristen R Schell1
1Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
Environmental science & technology
|December 19, 2025
概括
像直接捕获空气 (DAC) 和碳捕获和储存 (CCS) 这样的负排放技术在实现净零电力系统方面发挥的作用很小. 渐进式碳定价和可再生能源补贴的政策提供了最平稳的过渡,累计排放最低.
科学领域:
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
- 能源系统分析 能源系统分析
- 环境政策 环境政策
背景情况:
- 负排放技术 (NETs),包括直接捕获空气 (DAC) 和碳捕获和储存 (CCS),被提议用于实现净零排放.
- 现有的NET研究主要集中在最终年净零成本和技术组合上,忽视了关键的过渡动态.
- 在过渡到净零期间,NET对累积排放和电价的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查网络对电力系统转型动态的影响.
- 分析NET对累积排放,电价和减排成本的影响.
- 评估不同的政策组合,包括碳定价和补贴,对其对NET部署和过渡结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 模拟各种政策场景,以不同的净零承诺,部署补贴和碳定价策略.
- 在这些政策组合下模拟电力系统动态.
- 对关键过渡指标的分析:累积排放,电价和减排成本.
主要成果:
- 网络,如DAC和CCS,在实现模拟场景的净零排放方面发挥的作用很小.
- 渐进式碳定价和可再生能源补贴的结合使得电力价格的过渡最顺利.
- 这一特定政策组合也导致累计排放和减排成本最低.
结论:
- 网络在实现净零电力系统方面的有效性有限.
- 政策设计显著影响过渡动态,重点关注碳定价和可再生能源支持至关重要.
- 综合政策方法在管理累积排放和降低整体过渡成本方面更有效.
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