纳米级的多梯度有序架构在低热膨胀下驱动了异常强度和柔性合金合金
Yuhang Hai1,2, Kaijie Gu1,2, Yadong Huang1,2
1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Nature communications
|December 19, 2025
概括
研究人员在 (Mg) 合金中开发了纳米级梯度架构. 这一突破增强了热膨胀特性,并大大提高了航空航天应用的强度和柔性.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 金工业是金工业的一个方面.
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 像 (Mg) 这样的轻质合金对于航空航天至关重要,因为它们的强度与重量比很高.
- 在这些合金中同时实现低热膨胀,高强度和良好的可塑性仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 目前的策略,如in-situ粒子形成,往往导致有限的延展性,阻碍实际应用.
研究的目的:
- 为了解决低热膨胀合金的柔性限制.
- 在Mg合金中设计纳米级梯度有序架构.
- 为了提高热膨胀特性和机械性能.
主要方法:
- 促进 (Al) 到化 (Mn-B) 的扩散和反应.
- 在Mg合金和Mn-B相之间诱导梯度排序架构.
- 创建一个多梯度有序的Mn-Al-B配置.
主要成果:
- 实现了接近零的热膨胀系数,即0.8 × 10−6°C−1°C (280-320°C).
- 稳定热膨胀系数为23×10−6·°C−1在一个广泛的范围 (25-400°C).
- 获得的超高压力强度为507 MPa,压力应变为23.8%.
- 通过纳米级架构缓解脆脆的界面骨折.
结论:
- 纳米级梯度有序架构有效地提高了低热膨胀合金中的可塑性.
- 这种方法为开发具有卓越机械和热性能的先进合金提供了可行的策略.
- 这些发现为在苛刻的航空航天和其他关键应用中改进材料铺平了道路.
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