疫情数据的公共报告准则:通过制定透明度和统一性的标准,为有效的疫情应对提供问责制.
V Grégoire1, A W Zhu1, C M Brown2
1Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA; Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA.
Public health
|December 20, 2025
概括
公共卫生当局需要明确的标准来报告传染病爆发. 一个德尔菲共识过程建立了九个核心项目,用于一致,及时公开报告疫情数据,改善疫情应对.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病监测 传染病监测
背景情况:
- 缺乏对传染病爆发的标准化报告,阻碍了公众的理解和应对.
- 疫情期间有效的公共卫生沟通需要清晰,一致的数据传播.
研究的目的:
- 为在传染病爆发期间向公众报告的基本流行病学信息制定基于共识的建议.
- 为公众报告疫情数据制定最低标准.
主要方法:
- 根据ACCORD (ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document) 的指导方针进行了Delphi共识研究.
- 一个指导委员会和一个由45名公共卫生专家组成的小组参与了多轮投票和混合共识会议.
- 这项研究涉及通过专家共识对报告项目进行代改进.
主要成果:
- 九个核心报告项目被确定为公共爆发报告的最低标准.
- 这些项目包括每周报告新增和累计确诊病例,住院病例和死亡病例.
- 数据应按性别,年龄组和种族/民族分层,并在行政1级报告.
结论:
- 已建立的最低报告标准为统一共享疫情信息提供了一个框架.
- 促进跨司法管辖区数据报告的一致性,使疫情应对更有效.
- 通过标准化报告来促进公众更好地获得疫情信息.
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