新辅助免疫疗法加化疗在本地晚期III期NSCLC患者接受最终化疗-放射治疗---一个现实世界的多中心回顾性研究
Guoyin Li1, Chaoyuan Liu2, Pan Xi3
1Fuxi Laboratory, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Scientific Research Department, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou 466099, China.
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|December 20, 2025
概括
与辅助免疫疗法相比,化学放射治疗 (CRT) 之前的新辅助免疫化学疗法显著改善了第三阶段非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 的无进展生存率 (PFS) 和整体生存率 (OS). 这种方法显示了与肺炎有关的可比安全性.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 胸部外科手术 胸部外科手术
背景情况:
- 目前正在研究免疫治疗与化学放射治疗 (CRT) 对不可切除的第三阶段非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 的最佳整合.
- 巩固免疫疗法是标准的,但新辅助 (手术前) 免疫疗法的疗效和安全性需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较新辅助免疫化学疗法后的CRT (NEO) 和CRT后的辅助免疫疗法 (ADJ) 在第三阶段NSCLC患者之间的结果.
- 评估新辅助剂与辅助剂免疫疗法策略的现实有效性和安全性.
主要方法:
- 对接受胸部放射治疗和周围放射治疗免疫治疗的第三阶段NSCLC患者的多中心回顾分析 (2020年1月至2023年12月).
- NEO (n=321) 与ADJ (n=142) 组的比较,分析无进展生存率 (PFS) 和总生存率 (OS).
- 使用倾向分数匹配 (PSM) 和多变量分析来控制混因素.
主要成果:
- 在NEO组 (25.0个月) 与ADJ组 (16.3个月;HR=0.57,p<0.001) 中,中位PFS显著更长.
- 在NEO中没有达到中位数的OS,而在ADJ中达到41.1个月 (HR=0.54,p=0.001),PSM后的好处持续.
- 对新辅助疗法的客观应答率为68.4%;肺炎的发病率相似,在NEO中出现更严重的肺炎的非显著趋势.
结论:
- 在CRT之前的新辅助免疫化学疗法与辅助免疫疗法相比,在NSCLC的III期中显著改善了PFS和OS.
- 新辅助方法在严重的肺炎方面显示出相似的安全性.
- 这些发现支持在第三阶段NSCLC的第三阶段随机试验中进一步调查新辅助免疫疗法.
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