超越手动成绩单:探索自动语音识别错误在改善阿尔茨海默病检测方面的潜力
Yin-Long Liu1, Yuanchao Li2, Rui Feng3
1National Engineering Research Center of Speech and Language Information Processing, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Linguistic Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
Journal of biomedical informatics
|December 20, 2025
概括
特定的自动语音识别 (ASR) 错误,而不是一般的不准确性,改善了阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的检测. 这些ASR错误放大了AD语音中的语言缺陷,有助于诊断并建议新的ASR发展目标.
科学领域:
- 计算语言学计算语言学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 神经退行性疾病诊断神经退行性疾病诊断
背景情况:
- 自动语音识别 (ASR) 错误通常被视为有害.
- 以前的观察表明,ASR错误可能有助于对阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的检测.
- 需要对这种现象进行大规模的验证和机制理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了验证ASR错误对AD检测的有益影响.
- 确定通过ASR错误帮助AD诊断的具体机制.
- 探索对临床ASR模型开发的影响.
主要方法:
- 在ADReSS数据集上使用了18个ASR模型 (原始和微调).
- 从手册和ASR转录中生成语音,使用文本转语音 (TTS) 模型.
- 在自我注意力和交叉注意力AD检测模型中使用基于知识的功能和预训练的嵌入.
- 对ASR错误类型,受影响的单词,语言特征和注意力权重进行了详细分析.
主要成果:
- 某些ASR生成的转录在AD检测准确度方面超过了手动转录.
- 性能增长与特定的,不对称的ASR错误模式有关,而不是高的文字错误率 (WER).
- 这些错误模式放大了阿尔茨海默病发言的现有语言缺陷,增加了群体的分歧.
- 诊断线索被保留在合成语音中,支持数据增强潜力.
结论:
- 特定的ASR错误模式通过放大病理语言缺陷来增强AD检测.
- 这表明ASR发展向诊断实用性的转变,而不是纯粹的转录准确性.
- 这些发现对开发用于神经退行性疾病研究和临床应用的ASR工具有影响.
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