在压力下工作:对体育官员的压力,焦虑和应对进行范围审查
Maria Luisa F Pereira Vargas1, Ian J Cunningham2, Duncan R D Mascarenhas2
1School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
Psychology of sport and exercise
|December 20, 2025
概括
体育官员面临重大压力因素,导致焦虑和倦怠. 方法应对策略是最有效的,但在现代体育环境中需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 运动心理学 体育心理学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 应对机制 应对机制
背景情况:
- 体育官员会遇到各种外部 (如虐待,冲突) 和内部 (如对错误的恐惧) 压力因素.
- 执政的高压环境增加了对压力,焦虑和倦怠的易感性.
- 现有的有关官员压力,焦虑和应对问题的研究是分散的,需要进行全面的审查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地绘制现有的关于体育官员压力,焦虑和应对问题的研究.
- 为未来的研究方向确定当前文献中的空白.
- 了解压力因素的性质,应对策略和压力对这一群体的影响.
主要方法:
- 根据Arksey和O'Malley (2005) 的框架进行范围审查.
- 在四个数据库中搜索了符合纳入标准的相关文章.
- 包括来自19个国家的53篇文章,涵盖了各种官员级别和年龄.
主要成果:
- 官员经历情境,关系和组织方面的压力.
- 应对策略被发现是最有利于管理压力和焦虑的方法.
- 无法管理的压力的后果包括决策能力受损,倦怠和营业额的意图.
结论:
- 虽然方法应对是有效的,但很大一部分研究早于2000年,可能不反映当代的办公环境.
- 未来的研究应该扩大研究范围,纳入定性设计,并确保参与者采样多样化,特别是在性别方面.
- 应对压力和应对对于保持官方福祉和现代体育运动中的表现至关重要.
相关概念视频
Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused
409
Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
409
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
1.6K
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
1.6K
Psychological Responses to Stress
456
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
456
Coping Strategies: Problem Focused
390
Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
390
Stress and Mental Health
564
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
564
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
491
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
491


