全球青光眼患病率:2060年的负担和预测
Ziyao Wang1, Can Can Xue2, Yiman Li3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Visual Science and Translational Eye Research Institute (BERI), Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
American journal of ophthalmology
|December 20, 2025
概括
全球范围内开角青光眼 (OAG) 负担正在上升,由于近视流行病而被严重低估. 这一趋势需要新的近视预防策略和有针对性的OAG查,特别是在近视高的地区.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 开角光眼 (OAG) 是全球不可逆转失明的主要原因.
- 之前的OAG负担估计没有完全解释近视的不断增加的患病率.
- 近视是一种显著的危险因素,与早期发病和增加OAG风险有关.
研究的目的:
- 为OAG提供最新的全球和区域流行率和人口负担估计.
- 纳入人口老龄化的影响和近视的流行率上升.
- 预测到2060年的OAG负担,考虑到老龄化和近视趋势.
主要方法:
- 一项对77项基于人口的研究 (1991-2023) 的系统审查和元分析提供了当前OAG患病率的信息.
- 2060年的OAG患病率是使用近视风险比率和联合国人口数据来建模的.
- 在年轻人群中 (20-39岁) 的早期发病OAG是根据预计的高近视患病率单独估计的.
主要成果:
- 全球OAG患病率 (≥40岁) 预计将从2024年的2.8%增加到2060年的3.5%.
- 预计OAG患者人数将增加一倍以上,到2060年达到1.866亿.
- 据估计,近视流行病导致额外2890万OAG病例,其中年轻人早期发病病例为610万.
结论:
- 全球OAG负担被大大低估,主要是由于近视的患病率越来越高.
- 短视在很大程度上导致OAG病例,包括40岁以下的个体早期出现的OAG.
- 紧急实施近视预防和有针对性的OAG查策略至关重要,特别是在近视普遍存在的地区.
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