在训练期间,步道跑者经常患病:一项前性队列研究
Dina C Christa Janse van Rensburg1, Audrey Jansen van Rensburg2, Pieter Henk Boer3
1Section Sports Medicine & SEMLI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Medical Advisory Panel, World Netball, UK.
Journal of science and medicine in sport
|December 20, 2025
概括
超过一半的步道跑者在训练期间报告患病,女性的发病率更高. 呼吸系统问题是最常见的,BMI超过25kg/m2与疾病有关.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 步道跑是一种受欢迎的耐力运动,但运动员在苛刻的训练期间经常面临疾病.
- 了解步道跑者的疾病模式和风险因素对于优化表现和健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了在30周内前性地确定南非休步道跑者患病率,发病率,临床特征和疾病严重程度.
- 为了确定与这种人群中疾病相关的潜在风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究涉及152名休步道跑者 (120名男性,32名女性) 在30周的时间内.
- 使用更新的OSTRC-H问卷来记录疾病和培训细节,每两周收集数据.
- 使用统计方法分析疾病流行,发病率,发病率 (IR),时间损失,疾病负担 (IB) 和风险因素,包括波桑回归.
主要成果:
- 52%的跑步者在30周的研究期间报告患病,平均两周患病率为10.1%.
- 总体疾病发病率为7.2每1000个暴露日,女性 (9.7) 的发病率高于男性 (6.6).
- 呼吸系统疾病最为普遍 (64.3%),其次是消化系统 (15.9%) 和肌肉骨系统 (5.7%) 的问题. 体重指数≥25kg/m2与疾病风险增加有关.
结论:
- 步道跑者在训练期间经历了严重的疾病,特别是影响呼吸系统,女性的发病率更高.
- 中度至重度的疾病 (超过一周的时间损失) 影响了三分之一的跑步者.
- 虽然更高的BMI与疾病有关,但需要进一步的研究来阐明特定的风险因素,并为步道跑者制定有针对性的预防策略.
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