企业碳排放多区域会计的重要性
Steven J Davis1,2, Andrew Dumit3, Mo Li3
1Department of Earth System Science, Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. sjdavis@stanford.edu.
Nature communications
|December 20, 2025
概括
多区域输出输出模型揭示了企业温室气体 (GHG) 排放报告中的严重低估. 使用这些先进的模型进行供应链分析可以提高准确性和减排优先级.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
- 气候变化会计 气候变化会计
背景情况:
- 公司使用环境扩展输出输出 (EEIO) 模型来估计供应链温室气体 (GHG) 排放.
- 目前普遍存在的EEIO模型通常假设行业供应链和排放强度与单一地区 (例如美国或英国) 保持一致.
研究的目的:
- 量化单区域和多区域输出输出模型之间的上游温室气体排放估计差异.
- 突出单一区域模型可能忽略的排放规模和模式.
主要方法:
- 采用了高分辨率的多区域输入输出 (MRIO) 模型.
- 将MRIO模型的排放估计与向CDP报告的公司的美国单一区域输入输出模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在使用基于美国的单一区域模型与MRIO模型相比,上游排放量被低估了大约10% (相当于2.0千兆二氧化碳).
- 在温和排放强度的制造业中观察到的差异最为显著.
结论:
- 采用MRIO模型可以显著提高企业排放库存的准确性.
- MRIO模型可以更好地指导初级数据收集和减排战略,可能是通过专注于工业化国家的能源和排放密集型部门.
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