尼塞利亚脑膜炎线状菌体MDA通过选择超粘性 pili 变体来促进殖民
Clémence Mouville1, Antoine Brizard1, Morgane Wuckelt1
1Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Nature communications
|December 20, 2025
概括
线状菌体MDA通过与IV型 pili结合来准超粘性脑膜炎菌Neisseria meningitidis. 这种相互作用促进了更粘性细菌的选择,将菌体感染与增强的细菌殖民联系起来.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细菌病原体的产生
背景情况:
- 线状菌体是非性病毒,可以使它们的细菌宿主受益.
- 在Neisseria meningitidis中,MDA菌因表皮殖民期间通过生物膜形成与侵袭性疾病有关.
- 现有的模型显示线状菌体结合于细菌的 pili 尖端进入.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究线状菌体MDA与Neisseria meningitidis中的IV型菌体之间的相互作用.
- 了解菌体感染如何影响细菌的粘附和殖民.
主要方法:
- 使用Neisseria meningitidis和细菌体MDA作为模型生物.
- 分析了对IV型 pili变种的菌体结合模式.
- 评估了柱子电荷,细菌粘附和菌体感染之间的相关性.
- 研究了菌素阳性群体在粘附到人体细胞后的放大.
主要成果:
- MDA菌体沿着IV型 pili的整个长度结合,更喜欢带正电荷的pilin变体.
- 表达较为正电荷的皮林的细菌对人体细胞的粘附性更高.
- MDA菌体首选准并放大最粘性细菌变体.
- 对人类细胞的附着性足以增加菌体感染脑膜炎球菌的数量.
结论:
- 线状菌体MDA使用类型IV pili中的抗原变异来准宿主.
- 菌体选择超粘性细菌菌株,将菌体感染与增强的殖民化联系起来.
- 这种机制突显出一种策略,即菌体促进它们的细菌宿主在殖民人类细胞中的成功.
相关概念视频
01:28Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments
1.4K
Fimbriae and pili are specialized bacterial surface structures that play pivotal roles in adhesion, genetic exchange, and motility. Composed primarily of pilin protein, these hairlike appendages are crucial for bacterial survival and pathogenicity in various environments.Fimbriae: Adhesion and PathogenicityFimbriae are fine, filamentous structures measuring 2–10 nanometers in diameter and are densely distributed on the bacterial cell surface. They facilitate bacterial adhesion to abiotic...
1.4K
01:26DNA Bacteriophages
726
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
726
01:24Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes
412
The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...
412
01:23Surface Appendages of Archaea
525
Archaeal surface appendages are highly specialized structures essential for environmental adaptation, encompassing roles in adhesion, biofilm formation, and motility. Among these appendages, pili and archaella stand out for their distinct morphologies and functionalities, enabling archaea to thrive in diverse and often extreme environments.Pili: Adhesion and Biofilm FormationPili are filamentous structures assembled from pilin protein subunits, primarily contributing to adhesion and biofilm...
525
01:24Adherens Junctions
6.0K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
6.0K
01:29Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria
4.1K
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
4.1K