食用真菌在肠道微生物群调节中的应用
Ye Jin1,2, Jing He1,3, Dongmei Fan1,3
1Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
NPJ science of food
|December 20, 2025
概括
像一样,食用真菌含有生物活性化合物,可以通过调节肠道微生物群来积极影响肠道健康. 需要进一步的研究来将这些有希望的临床前发现转化为人类饮食干预措施.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 人的肠道微生物群对于代谢和免疫健康至关重要.
- 肠道失调与IBD,代谢综合征和结直肠癌等疾病有关.
- 饮食和环境破坏肠道平衡,需要新的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 审查食用真菌在调节肠道微生物群中的潜力.
- 探索真菌生物活性成分在功能性食品和饮食策略中的作用.
- 检查真菌化合物改善肠道屏障功能和免疫恒常性的证据.
主要方法:
- 对食用真菌和肠道健康的临床前和临床研究进行系统审查.
- 对生物活性真菌成分 (多糖,类) 和它们的机制的分析.
- 检查对肠道微生物群组成,短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 生产和病原体抑制的影响.
主要成果:
- 可食用的真菌具有生物活性成分 (例如β-葡萄糖,甘酸),可以重塑肠道微生物群.
- 菌类化合物增强肠道屏障功能,免疫平衡和SCFA生产.
- 临床前数据表明,通过微生物群调节和表观遗传作用 (例如,HDAC抑制) 对代谢障碍和瘤有好处.
结论:
- 来自食用真菌的生物活性成分显示出功能性食品和饮食干预措施的潜力,以对抗肠道失生症.
- 在了解生物可用性,人体相关剂量和宿主微生物群相互作用方面存在重大差距.
- 未来的研究整合多主题和临床试验对于将发现转化为精准医学应用至关重要.
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