瞳孔大小预测探索通过临界减速前额头动态预测探索
Akram Shourkeshti1, Mojtaba Abbaszadeh1, Gabriel Marrocco1
1Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Communications biology
|December 20, 2025
概括
瞳孔大小特别预测了在不确定的环境中探索的开始,超出了奖励历史. 这一发现表明,与瞳孔相关的机制通过影响前额叶皮层活动来推动探索.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 决策 决策 决策 决策
背景情况:
- 智能决策涉及在不确定的环境中平衡开采和勘探.
- 瞳孔大小是神经调节性调和兴奋的潜在相关因子,与探索有关.
- 以前的研究表明,瞳孔大小可能跟踪影响探索的因素 (例如,波动性,奖励),而不是探索本身.
研究的目的:
- 调查瞳孔大小与探索开始之间的直接关系.
- 为了检查瞳孔大小如何预测在探索和利用期间前额叶皮质的神经活动.
- 测试瞳孔大小是否独立地预测了超越奖励历史的探索.
主要方法:
- 同时测量瞳孔大小,行为探索/利用和前额叶皮层神经群体活动.
- 使用两个雄性 rhesus macaques 的动态环境任务.
- 对亮度进行控制,以隔离瞳孔大小对探索的影响.
主要成果:
- 恒定亮度下的瞳孔大小特别预测了探索的开始,独立于奖励历史.
- 瞳孔大小的变化与前额叶皮质中神经活动模式的混乱相关,无论是单个神经元还是群体水平.
- 这些发现支持了一个模型,其中与瞳孔相关的机制促进了探索.
结论:
- 瞳孔的大小是探索开始的特定预测指标.
- 瞳孔连接机制可能通过改变前额叶皮层动态来推动探索,可能将它们推向一个关键的临界点.
- 这项研究为探索和不确定性下决策的神经基础提供了新的见解.
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