在电动汽车撞车风险预测中探索时空异质性和非线性效应:混合建模方法
Jianglin Lu1, Chunjiao Dong1, Xuedong Yan2
1School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
Accident; analysis and prevention
|December 21, 2025
概括
预测电动汽车 (EV) 撞车是具有挑战性的,因为复杂的模式. 新方法通过分析时空数据和电动汽车基础设施来改善风险预测,提高城市交通安全.
科学领域:
- 交通安全 交通安全
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 电动汽车 (EV) 相关的风险给城市交通管理带来了重大挑战.
- 预测细粒度撞车风险是很困难的,因为不断演变的,异质的撞车模式.
- 现有的模型不足以捕捉事故数据中的时间动态和局部异质性.
研究的目的:
- 开发先进的方法来建模时空碰撞风险动态和局部异质性.
- 提高电动汽车碰撞风险预测模型的准确性和可解释性.
- 为城市交通管理和电动汽车安全提供可操作的见解.
主要方法:
- 构建了一个时空自适应网络内核密度估计 (ST-ANKDE) 方法.
- 开发了一种多尺度的地理和时间加权回归-极端梯度增强 (MGTWR-XGBoost) 方法.
- 引入了时间和空间加权的撞车风险变量 (T-AccRisk,S-AccRisk),并分析了各种影响因素.
主要成果:
- ST-ANKDE有效地捕捉了碰撞风险动态,并揭示了显著的时空异质性.
- 使用T-AccRisk和S-AccRisk增强的MGTWR-XGBoost实现了更高的预测准确度 (MAE=1.54,RMSE=2.06).
- 道路网络密度和电动汽车基础设施等关键因素显示出显著的时空异质性;SHAP分析阐明了非线性效应.
结论:
- 拟议的ST-ANKDE和MGTWR-XGBoost方法显著提升了EV碰撞风险预测.
- 这些发现使得电网层面的预警和有针对性的干预措施能够提高电动汽车的安全性.
- 结果支持数据驱动的交通执法部署和电动汽车基础设施改进.
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