在深海多金属结沉积物中,微生物群落区域化背后的环境驱动因素和生态过程
Ning Guo1, Wenquan Zhang2, Tingting Li3
1School of Advanced Manufacturing School of Ocean, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China; Marine Ecology Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China.
Marine environmental research
|December 21, 2025
概括
深海的多金属结节沉积物有分层的微生物群落. 深度显著影响微生物的结构和功能,在沉积物核心上观察到明显的生态变化.
科学领域:
- 深海微生物学 深海微生物学
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
背景情况:
- 微生物群落驱动深海生态系统过程和生物多样性.
- 在多金属结节沉积物中维持微生物群落的机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究深海多金属结节沉积物中的微生物种群和垂直分布.
- 确定影响微生物社区结构和功能的环境因素.
主要方法:
- 沉积物核心的16S rRNA基因扩增序列测序.
- 微生物多样性的分析 (α和β多样性).
- 同时发生的网络分析和环境决定因素的识别 (深度,TOC,TN,重金属).
主要成果:
- 观察到 prokaryotic 多样性的明显垂直分层,表面沉积物中阿尔法多样性最高.
- 沉积层之间β多样性的显著差异;深度被确定为主要结构因素.
- 无处不在的核心微生物群 (Chloroflexi,Proteobacteria,Patescibacteria,Acidobacteriota) 在所有深度的社区中占主导地位.
- 微生物网络从表面层中复杂的负相关转向了越来越深的合作模块化网络.
- 装配机制从决定性转变为随机主导,深度越来越大.
结论:
- 深度是聚金属结节沉积物中微生物群落结构的关键因素.
- 一个核心微生物群是垂直占主导地位的,而随着越来越深的生态变化发生了明显的生态变化.
- 调查结果为深海采矿区的环境影响评估和生态恢复提供了基线数据.
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