益生菌果链长度影响肠道微生物群-宿主GABAergic信号传递和肠道运动
Benjamin A Levine1, Alexis J Lynch2, Michael T Bailey2
1Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801.
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry
|December 21, 2025
概括
饮食中的果糖链长度通过微生物群-宿主信号影响肠道运动. 不同的纤维结构影响了胺黄油酸 (GABA) 生产及其对肠道收缩的性别特异性影响.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 胃肠道生理学 胃肠道生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 食纤维调节肠道运动和肠道微生物群.
- 纤维结构对影响机动性的微生物群与宿主相互作用的确切影响尚不清楚.
- 胺黄油酸 (GABA) 是一种与果糖发酵和肠道运动相关的微生物代谢物.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究果糖链的长度如何影响微生物群-宿主信号在阴茎和结肠收缩.
- 确定GABA在调解这些效应中的作用.
- 探索对食纤维的反应中潜在的性别特异性差异.
主要方法:
- 给小鼠提供无纤维,纤维素,短链果糖 (scFOS) 或胰岛素饮食.
- 量化了微生物负载,GABA合成细菌和GABA度.
- 分析了与运动性和GABA相关的基因表达.
- 活体组织浴实验评估了GABA对肠道收缩的影响.
主要成果:
- scFOS和胰岛素都增加了微生物负荷,GABA生产细菌和GABA水平.
- scFOS和胰岛素在大肠和大肠中的基因表达受到差异影响.
- GABA用胰岛素强化了阴茎收缩,但用scFOS抑制了结肠收缩.
- 只有在雌性小鼠中观察到GABA对收缩力的影响.
结论:
- 饮食中的果糖链长度是细分和性别特异的GABA介导肠移动性的关键因素.
- 这项研究为了解益生菌纤维结构如何通过微生物群-宿主信号传递影响肠道生理学提供了一个框架.
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