谁参与其中? 机器学习对基于正念的数字干预对泛性焦虑障碍的见解
Nur Hani Zainal1, Michelle G Newman2
1National University of Singapore, Department of Psychology, Kent Ridge Campus, Singapore.
Journal of affective disorders
|December 21, 2025
概括
机器学习准确地预测了针对通用焦虑症 (GAD) 的正念干预措施的参与. 关键预测因素包括较低的GAD严重程度和更好的执行功能,为定制的数字心理健康治疗提供信息.
科学领域:
- 数字心理健康数字心理健康
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 机器学习应用程序 机器学习应用程序
背景情况:
- 正念生态瞬间干预 (MEMI) 显示出对通用焦虑障碍 (GAD) 症状缓解的希望.
- 然而,低于最佳的治疗参与限制了MEMI的有效性.
- 识别基线预测因素可以为患有GAD的个人个性化MEMI.
研究的目的:
- 确定基线变量,预测与自我监测安慰剂 (SM) 相比,MEMI的参与在患有GAD的个体中.
- 应用机器学习 (ML) 超级学习方法来预测治疗参与度.
主要方法:
- 一个随机对照试验 (N=110) 与MEMI和SM进行了比较.
- 用16个基线变量 (临床,人口,执行功能) 来预测两周的参与度.
- 采用了随机森林和X-learner元算法,Shapley值评估了预测因素的重要性.
主要成果:
- 机器学习模型显示了高的预测准确性 (R-平方=82.7%).
- 预测益处较高的参与者 (CATE) 与SM相比,对MEMI的参与度显著增加.
- 参与的关键预测因素包括较低的GAD严重程度,更好的执行功能 (例如,注意力控制,口语流) 和较少的认知错误.
结论:
- 机器学习有效地识别了参与数字心理健康干预的基线预测因素.
- 研究结果表明,基于这些预测因素的个性化干预措施可以改善GAD的治疗结果.
- 未来的研究应该在更大,更多样化的群体中验证这些发现.
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