预防扭曲了青少年的内化轨迹:从预防前到预防后的人内变化
Benjamin L Hankin1, Jason D Jones2, Molly Davis2
1University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America.
Journal of affective disorders
|December 21, 2025
概括
抑郁症预防计划在21个月的青少年中显著减少了抑郁症和焦虑症症状. 这些基于证据的干预措施在关键的发育时期有效降低了内化症状轨迹.
科学领域:
- 青少年心理健康 青少年心理健康
- 预防性精神病学是一种预防性精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 青春期是内化障碍出现的关键时期.
- 了解青春期抑郁和焦虑症状的发展轨迹对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全评估抑郁症预防计划对人体内症状变化的长期影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估抑郁症预防计划在减少青少年人内抑郁和焦虑症状方面的有效性.
- 确定这些计划是否可以改变症状轨迹,从干预前的水平持续到干预后的较低水平.
- 在21个月的随访期内评估症状变化.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及204名青少年 (平均年龄14.26岁).
- 在干预前一年,每3个月对抑郁和焦虑症状进行自然主义的重复评估.
- 参与者接受了认知行为或人际交往技能培训计划,结果在干预后长达21个月后进行测量.
主要成果:
- 青少年的抑郁和焦虑症状在干预前一年自然减少.
- 与干预前水平相比,预防性干预显著降低了个人内抑郁症 (d=0.67在3个月,d=0.45在21个月) 和焦虑症 (d=0.88在3个月,d=0.74在21个月) 的症状.
- 在整个21个月的随访期内,症状的减少一直保持.
结论:
- 基于证据的抑郁症预防计划有效地改变了青少年内化症状轨迹.
- 这些计划可以降低症状水平,从青春期规范性上升到持续较低的水平.
- 研究设计突出了预干预自然主义数据的实用性,用于评估预防的有效性.
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