接近指导的混合联合学习方法与参数高效的适应性智能用于肺炎诊断
Keerthika P1, Suresh P2, Nitesh Kumar Ar1
1School of Computer Science and Engineering , Vellore Institute of Technology , Vellore, India.
Scientific reports
|December 21, 2025
概括
联合学习与FedProx和低级适应改善肺炎检测从胸部X射线. 这种人工智能方法提高了准确性,同时降低了通信成本,以获得更好的全球医疗保健.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像中的人工智能
- 为医疗保健提供联合学习.
- 计算机辅助诊断 计算机辅助诊断
背景情况:
- 肺炎诊断依赖于胸部放射,但数据隐私和碎片化阻碍了AI的发展.
- 联合学习 (FL) 能够在不共享敏感患者数据的情况下进行协作AI培训.
- 像FedAvg这样的现有FL方法在数据异质性和高通讯开销方面扎.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个加强的联合学习框架,用于在资源有限的环境中检测肺炎.
- 在联合医疗图像分析中解决数据异质性和通信效率的挑战.
- 提高人工智能驱动的肺炎诊断的准确性和实用性.
主要方法:
- 实现了一个升级的联合框架,使用FedProx进行近距离优化和低级调整 (LoRA) 进行参数高效的微调.
- 利用视觉转换器 (ViT) 作为胸部X射线分类的支柱,捕捉全球背景.
- 模拟了一个分布式环境与多个客户端的胸部X射线图像数据集.
主要成果:
- 在数据异质性下,实现了88.5%的肺炎检测分类准确度.
- 与标准的FL方法相比,显著降低了通讯开销和计算成本.
- 注意热图显示出临床相关性,突出显示重要的肺部区域.
结论:
- 拟议的联合学习方法提高了肺炎检测的准确性和效率.
- 该框架适用于资源有限的医疗基础设施,因为它的内存足迹很低.
- 可解释性特征增加了信任和透明度,促进了临床采用.
更多相关视频
06:22Machine Learning-Based Cough Tone Classification: Diagnostic Exploration of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Respiratory Tract Infections
Published on: September 19, 2025
399
07:43A Non-invasive and Technically Non-intensive Method for Induction and Phenotyping of Experimental Bacterial Pneumonia in Mice
Published on: September 28, 2016
9.5K
相关概念视频
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
756
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
756
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
726
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
726
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
698
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
698