心理和环境特征在体育人才发展中的作用:一项混合方法研究
Chris Saward1, Julie Johnston1, James Brown1
1Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University Nottingham, UK.
Journal of sports sciences
|December 22, 2025
概括
发展中的运动员从了解他们的心态和环境如何相互作用中受益. 这项研究强调了英国青年运动发展至关重要的关键心理特征和环境因素.
科学领域:
- 体育心理学 体育心理学
- 青年发展 青年发展
- 运动员的幸福 运动员的幸福
背景情况:
- 了解影响年轻运动员发展的多方面的因素对于优化表现和福祉至关重要.
- 以前的研究往往集中在单独的心理或环境因素上,忽视了它们的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查心理和环境特征对英国年轻运动员 (12-21岁) 发展的直接和互动影响.
- 识别促进或阻碍运动员发展的特定心理特征和环境特征.
- 探索运动员的心理特征与他们的环境之间的相互关系.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种解释顺序混合方法设计.
- 使用卓越发展的心理特征问卷 (PCDEQ) 从81名英国青年运动员收集的定量数据.
- 通过半结构面试收集的定性数据,其中包括一组表现出高和低PCDEQ分数的运动员,随后进行反射主题分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了促进性心理特征 (例如,争取成功,自我调节,心理技能) 和削弱性特征 (例如,通过痛苦进行训练,自我怀疑).
- 突出了影响发展的关键运动环境特征 (例如,人才路径结构,心理社会气候) 和非运动特征 (例如,学校角色,家长支持).
- 揭示了运动员的心理特征和他们的环境背景之间的动态,相互影响.
结论:
- 整体,以人为中心的方法对于有效支持发展中运动员至关重要.
- 认识到个人心理和环境因素之间的相互作用是促进积极的青少年运动发展的关键.
- 干预措施应考虑运动员的内部特征及其更广泛的支持系统.
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