烟草吸烟的持续时间或强度与嗅觉功能之间的关联:在愿意戒烟的吸烟者中进行一项横截面研究
Cornelia Wälchli1, Valerie Grünig1, Kali Tal1
1Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Tobacco induced diseases
|December 22, 2025
概括
吸烟会损害嗅觉功能,约有10%的吸烟者经历了功能障碍. 较高的包装年,这是吸烟强度和持续时间的衡量标准,与较差的嗅觉识别分数和功能障碍有关.
科学领域:
- 感官神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床研究临床研究
背景情况:
- 现有研究表明,吸烟会对嗅觉功能产生负面影响.
- 很少有研究研究过吸烟史 (持续时间,强度) 和嗅觉障碍之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定成年吸烟者嗅觉功能障碍的患病率.
- 检查吸烟强度/持续时间与嗅觉功能之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在戒烟试验中对成年吸烟者的横截面研究.
- 使用Burghart's Sniffin' Sticks 16项识别测试 (OIS) 评估的嗅觉功能.
- 嗅觉功能障碍定义为OIS ≤11;回归模型分析了与包装年,每天香烟 (CPD) 和吸烟年 (YOS) 的关联.
主要成果:
- 375名吸烟者 (96.7%的完成率) 参与了调查;平均年龄为39.0岁,44.8%是女性.
- 平均吸烟:18年 (中位数) 的15个CPD. 平均OIS为13.3;12.0%的人有嗅觉功能障碍.
- 与包装年相关的嗅觉功能障碍 (OR=1.03),但不是YOS或CPD. OIS与包装年负相关 (系数=-11.11).
结论:
- 在戒烟试验中,大约10%的吸烟者 (≥5个CPD) 呈现嗅觉功能障碍.
- 增加的包装年数与较差的嗅觉功能指标显著相关,嗅觉功能障碍的几率增加.
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