自然单糖和分糖同位素分化的分析策略:技术和应用
Rong Yang1,2, Ziwei Deng3, Jing Liu1,2
1Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
Drug design, development and therapy
|December 22, 2025
概括
准确区分糖异构体对于理解它们的生物活性至关重要. 本综述强调了从早期GC-MS到现代LC-MS和NMR的分析进步,使得精确的碳水化合物表征成为可能.
科学领域:
- 分析化学 分析化学
- 碳水化合物化学 碳水化合物化学
- 格莱科米克斯 (Glycomics) 是一个有趣的药物.
背景情况:
- 精确的单糖和二糖异构体的结构差异化对于了解碳水化合物的生物活性至关重要.
- 挑战包括最小的结构差异,高极性,以及碳水化合物中缺乏染色体.
- 分析技术已经发展起来,以应对异构体表征中的这些挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查碳水化合物同位素分化的分析技术的演变.
- 批判性地评估目前的检测极限和吞吐量方法.
- 为选择和推进异构体表征分析技术提供路线图.
主要方法:
- 气色谱-质谱学 (GC-MS) 具有衍生.
- 液态染色学-质谱学 (LC-MS) 具有先进的合柱.
- 离子移动光谱-质谱 (IM-MS) 用于适应器分离.
- 超高性能液体染色学 (UHPLC) 和二维核磁共振 (2D-NMR) 用于非衍生策略.
主要成果:
- 早期的GC-MS方法建立了基础的异构体分离技术.
- 现代LC-MS和IM-MS提供高分辨率的同位素分析和对应器区分.
- 与2D-NMR相结合的UHPLC提供了没有衍生性的最终结构验证.
- 对食品,临床和制药分析中的实际应用的检测极限和吞吐量进行评估.
结论:
- 分析技术的进步彻底改变了碳水化合物异构体的精确结构差异化.
- 像人工智能辅助解读和微流体系统这样的新兴方向有望增强甘分析.
- 本综述为选择和改进异构体表征分析方法提供了实用指南.
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