在1型和2型糖尿病中循环NK细胞和与生俱来的T细胞的变化
Marina Loguinova1, Nikita Sergeev1, Margarita Samsonova1
1Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.
Frontiers in immunology
|December 22, 2025
概括
自然杀手 (NK) 细胞和与生俱来的类似T细胞在1型糖尿病 (T1D) 和2型糖尿病 (T2D) 中发挥着不同的作用. T1D涉及CD8+NK细胞的增加,而T2D显示MAIT细胞的减少,影响糖尿病免疫病原发生.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 1型糖尿病 (T1D) 和2型糖尿病 (T2D) 呈现出不同的炎症特征:T1D的自身免疫介导和T2D的慢性代谢性炎症.
- 自然杀手 (NK) 细胞在两种糖尿病类型中都涉及,但它们的特定作用和子集需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 研究NK细胞和天生的T细胞亚群在T1D和T2D免疫病原发生过程中的不同作用.
- 为了确定与每个糖尿病类型相关的特定免疫细胞子集.
主要方法:
- 利用多色流细胞测量来分析来自T1D患者,T2D患者和健康志愿者的外周血液中的NK和天生的T细胞亚群.
- 基于功能性抗原 (CD16,CD56),共受体 (CD8,CD38),抑制性受体 (NKG2A,CD161) 和转录因子EOMES的识别子集.
- 进行了相关性分析,将免疫参数与临床指标联系起来.
主要成果:
- T1D与总体NK细胞和CD56dimCD16bright子集的减少有关,CD8+NK细胞和扩大的CD8+子集增加了50%,CD56dimCD16bright子集减少了50%.
- 在CD8+T细胞中,T2D显示了粘膜相关不变T细胞 (MAIT) 亚组的显著减少.
- 相关性分析揭示了免疫细胞子集和临床参数之间的关联,突出了它们在糖尿病表型中的作用.
结论:
- 不同的NK细胞和天生的T细胞亚群参与T1D和T2D免疫病原发生.
- T1D的发病包括免疫反应控制的下降,CD8+NK细胞的增加.
- T2D病原体的特征是持续的慢性元炎性反应和循环MAIT细胞的丧失.
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