心与身体运动对轻度认知障碍的老年人认知功能和神经可塑性的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Huifang Tian1,2, Xi Yang1, Jiahuan Li1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|December 22, 2025
概括
心身运动显著改善认知功能,并促进轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的老年人神经可塑性. 这些练习对大脑结构和功能产生积极影响,特别是在像海马这样的脆弱区域.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
背景情况:
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 影响老年人的认知功能.
- 神经可塑性和认知功能对于健康的衰老至关重要.
- 越来越多地探索心身炼干预措施的神经学益处.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析心身炼对MCI患者认知功能,大脑结构和大脑功能的影响.
- 评估心身炼对MCI老年人的神经可塑性变化的影响.
- 在MCI中确定受心身炼影响的特定大脑区域和网络.
主要方法:
- 在科克伦图书馆,EMBASE,PubMed和Web of Science数据库中进行系统搜索.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT) 在MCI患者中评估心身炼.
- 结果的元分析包括认知评估 (MoCA),灰质体积 (GMV),静止状态功能连接 (rsFC),ALFF和ERP P300延迟.
主要成果:
- 九项研究符合资格标准,四项研究的元分析显示了显著的全球认知功能改善 (MoCA尺度).
- 心与身体的炼与海马体和前带带状的灰质体积增加有关.
- 观察到默认模式网络 (DMN) 和背侧注意网络 (DAN) 的功能连接性发生变化.
结论:
- 心身运动在改善MCI老年人的认知功能方面表现出有效性.
- 神经可塑性变化,包括结构和功能性大脑变化,与心身炼干预有关.
- 这些发现突出了心身运动在缓解MCI神经退行症的潜力,特别是在海马体和前带皮层.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
745
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
745
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
512
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
512
01:27Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
175
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
175