一项为期15年的基于人口的研究,研究了意大利儿科炎性肠病的发病率和疫苗接种覆盖率
Francesca Fortunato1, Angelo Campanozzi2,3, Michele Di Toma3
1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Hygiene Unit University of Foggia Foggia Italy.
意大利的儿科炎性肠病 (IBD) 发病率正在上升,IBD 儿童的疫苗接种覆盖率低于最佳水平. 针对性免疫策略对于这个弱势群体至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科胃肠病学 儿科胃肠病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童炎症性肠病 (IBD) 发病率在全球范围内不断增加,在COVID-19大流行后显著增加.
- 患有IBD的儿童面临较高的感染风险,这强调了疫苗接种的重要性.
- 关于意大利儿科IBD发病率和疫苗接种覆盖率的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 确定2009-2023年意大利阿普利亚地区0-14岁儿童中儿科IBD的发病率.
- 评估这一儿科IBD队列中强制性和推性疫苗的疫苗接种覆盖率.
主要方法:
- 一个回顾性,以人口为基础的研究,利用医院出院记录和豁免登记.
- 疫苗接种数据来源于区域免疫系统.
- 根据年龄标准化发病率 (SIR) 和疫苗接种覆盖率进行了计算.
主要成果:
- 在2009年至2023年期间,确定了1044例儿科IBD病例,平均SIR为12.7/100,000.
- 在2020年之后,IBD发病率显著增加,特别是在10-14岁年龄组.
- 疫苗接种覆盖率各不相同:对于六价疫苗 (100%) 和肺炎球菌 (99.2%) 高,对于轮状病毒 (82.5%) 和脑膜炎球菌 (79.9%) 中等,对于HPV (66.3%的女性,52.1%的男性) 和dTap-IPV助推剂 (30.2%) 较低. 在2023/24.23,流感覆盖率为18.9%.
结论:
- 在阿普利亚地区,儿科IBD发病率正在上升.
- 在患有IBD的儿童中,接种疫苗的覆盖率低于最佳水平,特别是对于某些疫苗,如HPV和dTap-IPV助推剂.
- 针对这种高风险儿科患者群体,需要强化,有针对性的免疫战略.
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