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相关概念视频

Language Development01:22

Language Development

801
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

681
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
681

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语言延迟的幼儿的大脑形态测量:一项探索性研究

Courtney A Filippi1,2, Elizabeth Smith3, Elizabeth Redcay4

  • 1Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892.

Infant and child development
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
概括

研究人员探索了早期语言延迟 (LD) 的幼儿的大脑解剖学,而不是通常发育的同龄人. 虽然没有发现整体大脑大小差异,但在语言延迟的幼儿中观察到皮层表面积和布罗卡区域厚度的微妙变化.

关键词:
中间状回路 中间状回路神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍表面积面积面积面积面积面积面积面积面积面积

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 儿科放射学 儿科放射学

背景情况:

  • 之前的研究已经确定了特定儿科人群中语言延迟的神经相关性.
  • 然而,幼儿早期语言延迟不明原因的神经相关物仍未得到充分研究.

研究的目的:

  • 与典型发育 (TD) 幼儿相比,研究早期语言延迟 (LD) 的幼儿的大脑形态差异.
  • 探索大脑总体体积,皮质厚度和表面积的潜在差异,重点关注布罗卡和韦尼克的区域.

主要方法:

  • 使用磁共振成像 (MRI) 来收集LD (n=7) 和TD (n=17) 的幼儿的大脑数据.
  • 探索性分析包括全脑和兴趣区域的方法,检查大脑体积,皮质厚度和表面积.
  • 分析考虑了年龄匹配,并排除了后来被诊断为自闭症的儿童.

主要成果:

  • 在LD和TD组之间没有发现显著的大脑解剖学差异.
  • 在皮层内皮层表面积中发现了显著的群体差异,包括韦尼克区域和左侧中圈 (Hedges' g = -0.35).
  • 在布罗卡的区域中也观察到皮层厚度的差异.

结论:

  • 这项探索性研究揭示了幼儿中微妙的,局部的大脑形态学差异,在幼儿中出现了无法解释的早期语言延迟.
  • 研究结果表明,在儿科语言发育中,未来基于假设的神经成像研究可能成为潜在的目标.
  • 尽管样本规模很小,但这项研究为早期语言延迟的神经支提供了新的见解.