工业和环境可持续技术的进步为更绿色的未来提供了更绿色的未来
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India. jagjeet_me@pbi.ac.in.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|December 22, 2025
概括
能源,材料,水,制造业和城市系统中的可持续技术正在迅速发展. 政策,金融和治理的整合对于应对气候变化的广泛采用至关重要.
科学领域:
- 可持续和绿色技术 可持续和绿色技术
- 环境科学与工程环境科学与工程
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
背景情况:
- 气候变化和资源退化需要创新的技术解决方案.
- 审查侧重于五个关键领域的进展:能源,材料,水/废物,制造业和城市系统.
- 从2014年到2025年初发表的文献被系统地审查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地综合近期在可持续和绿色技术方面的同行评审进展.
- 确定为大规模采用提供支持的机制和政策工具.
- 为加速可持续转型提出一个整合性框架.
主要方法:
- 对Scopus,科学网络,IEEE Xplore和Elsevier数据库的系统文献审查.
- 搜索重点是可再生能源,低碳材料,循环经济,智能制造和城市可持续性.
- 纳入标准:经过验证的模型,生命周期评估或具有技术准备水平 (TRL) ≥4的技术.
主要成果:
- 在光伏微电网 (成本/股权收益),低碳建筑材料 (回收聚合物),微藻废水处理 (>90%的营养物质去除),制造业的数字双胞胎/物联网 (~30%的停机时间减少) 和海绵城市措施 (~70%的洪水保留增加) 中取得了显著进展.
- 确定了支持机制:政策工具 (PPA,补贴,碳定价),金融激励以及数字测量,报告和验证 (MRV) 系统.
- 根据部署视野分类的技术:快速获胜 (≤2030),无遗憾 (到2040年) 和长期转型 (到2050年).
结论:
- 尽管技术成熟,但由于治理,投资和循环资源框架不一致,技术传播受到阻碍.
- 建议建立一个整合性框架,将技术,政策和金融联系起来,以加速可持续的工业和城市转型.
- 解决这些系统性障碍对于实现气候和资源目标至关重要.
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