将神经生理学生物标志物转化为临床工具:一个心理测量蓝图,用与错误相关的负面影响来说明
The American psychologist
|December 22, 2025
概括
心理测量原理对于在临床神经科学中开发可靠的生物标志物至关重要. 提高事件相关潜力 (ERP) 等措施的可靠性和有效性,提高了它们在精神病诊断和治疗中的临床实用性.
科学领域:
- 临床神经科学 临床神经科学
- 精神病学研究精神病学研究
- 生物标志物的发展发展.
背景情况:
- 临床神经科学在翻译生物标志物方面面临挑战,原因是复制不一致,理论不完整,以及与心理过程的不清楚联系.
- 这些问题往往源于生物标志物评估中对心理测量原理的关注不足.
- 生物标志物开发可能受到最小化个体差异的研究协议的阻碍,导致可靠性和有效性差.
研究的目的:
- 审查心理测量原理在临床神经科学中开发可靠和有效生物标志物的作用.
- 展示事件相关潜力 (ERP) 如何优化为临床实用性.
- 提出一个路线图,用于评估生物标志物使用心理测量标准.
主要方法:
- 关于事件相关潜力 (ERP) 和心理计量原理的文献综述.
- 对生物标志物开发挑战的分析,重点关注可靠性和有效性.
- 使用与错误相关的负面性 (ERN) 作为案例研究的插图.
主要成果:
- 可靠性和有效性的评估,优化和标准化是可操作生物标志物的关键.
- 生物标志物在应用到个体差异和临床群体时,往往表现出不良的可靠性和有效性.
- 与错误相关的负面性 (ERN) 显示出潜在的焦虑预后生物标志物,当应用心理测量严格时.
结论:
- 坚持心理测量原则对于推动临床神经科学中的生物标志物开发至关重要.
- 生物标志物验证和资格化需要一个结构化的框架,包括心理测量评估.
- 优化ERN等临床样本的优化措施和协调数据采集将提高生物标志物的概括性和精密医学中的临床实用性.
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