珀米亚和附近的美国石油和天然气盆地甲排放的季节性和下降强度
Daniel J Varon1,2, Daniel J Jacob3, Lucas A Estrada3
1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|December 22, 2025
概括
美国珀米亚盆地油气甲排放量从2019年至2023年平均为每年4.0 Tg. 甲强度显著下降,显示季节性变化,通过改善设施气候变化,可能会减少.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 甲 (CH4) 是一种强大的温室气体,从石油和天然气运营中产生大量的排放.
- 准确量化甲排放对于气候变化减缓战略至关重要.
- 美国珀米亚盆地是一个主要的石油和天然气生产地区,有大量的甲排放.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国石油和天然气生产在珀米亚盆地 (2019-2023) 和附近盆地 (2022-2023) 的每周甲排放量和趋势.
- 评估甲排放强度及其与生产水平和季节性的关系.
- 确定季节性甲排放的潜在驱动因素,并评估缓解策略.
主要方法:
- 利用25公里分辨率的综合甲逆转 (IMI) 模型对热带层监测仪 (TROPOMI) 卫星观测的分析逆转.
- 具体美国石油和天然气盆地的量化每周甲排放量和趋势.
- 通过地面测量 (珀米亚盆地塔网络) 和飞机/卫星数据 (Insight M, GHGSat) 证实了这些发现.
主要成果:
- 波斯时代的石油和天然气排放量平均为4.0 ± 1.1 Tg/年 (2019-2023年),季节性变化很大,但年际变化很小.
- 尽管产量增加,但珀米亚盆地的甲强度从5.2%降至3.2%.
- 冬季的排放量比夏季高出50±10%,这可能与冷条件下的液体储效率有关.
结论:
- 来自美国石油和天然气生产的甲排放具有显著的季节性,冬季的排放量更高.
- 改善石油和天然气设施的气候变化是大幅减少甲排放的可行策略.
- 新墨西哥珀米亚河地区的甲强度接近国家目标,这表明排放控制方面取得了进展.
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