中国劳动人口癌症风险因素:从WECAN项目的基线数据进行横截面分析
Kaige Sun1, Baohua Wang2, Feng J He3
1Beijing Physical Examination Center, Beijing, China.
BMJ open
|December 22, 2025
概括
中国的劳动人口面临着重要的癌症风险因素,包括吸烟和不健康的饮食. 区域差异需要针对性的职场癌症预防策略,以获得更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
背景情况:
- 工作场所癌症预防对公共卫生至关重要.
- 了解中国多元化的劳动人口中的癌症风险因素至关重要.
- 中国癌症预防综合性工作场所干预 (WECAN) 项目为这项研究提供了一个平台.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国工人中各种癌症风险因素的患病率.
- 确定在劳动人口中普遍存在的特定风险因素.
- 为制定有针对性的职场癌症预防策略提供证据.
主要方法:
- 采用了横截面研究设计.
- 使用了来自WECAN项目的基线数据.
- 在中国三个城市的15个工作场所招募了841名参与者,采用分层抽样.
主要成果:
- 报告说,吸烟 (36.9%),饮酒 (63.6%),身体不活动 (49.1%) 和不健康饮食 (95.8%) 的流行率很高.
- 观察到中央肥胖症 (36.7%),白菜 (18.8%) 和暴露于家庭空气污染 (7.0%) 的显著流行.
- 查乙型肝炎 (46.4%) 和 H. pylori (54.9%) 的低率,以及针对HBV (28.1%) 和HPV (63.5%在女性 ≤45) 的疫苗接种率也很低,但区域差异很大.
结论:
- 中国的劳动人口表现出多种癌症风险因素的高负担.
- 风险因素患病率的显著区域异质性强调了需要量身定制的干预措施.
- 有证据支持基于已识别的风险因素制定有针对性的职场癌症预防策略.
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