使用合成数据进行空中输电线路部分放电检测的预训练.
Lukáš Klein1,2, Jan Fulneček3, Ondřej Kabot3
1Department of Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic. lukas.klein@vsb.cz.
本研究引入了一种混合方法,使用合成数据来训练深度学习模型,用于在电力线路中检测部分放电 (PD),提高维护的准确性和可靠性.
科学领域:
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 电力系统 电力系统
背景情况:
- 准确的部分放电 (PD) 检测对于中压空中输电线路的维护和防止中断至关重要.
- 挑战包括有限的标记数据和显著的电磁干扰.
- 现有的方法与现实世界的复杂性和数据稀缺性作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估用于PD检测的混合模拟和数据驱动框架.
- 调查使用合成生成的PD信号用于预训练深度神经网络的有效性.
- 为此任务比较不同深度学习架构 (CNN,ViT,LSTM) 的性能.
主要方法:
- 创建了一个合成数据生成管道,变化PD参数 (速率,振幅,接触,噪声) 和输出格式 (时间序列,光谱图).
- 深度神经网络 (CNN,ViT,LSTM) 在合成数据上进行了预训练,并在有限的真实空中线测量上进行了微调.
- 一项综合性废除研究分析了模型对合成数据参数和架构选择的敏感性.
主要成果:
- 基于CNN的模型在基于光谱图的PD分类上显著优于ViT和LSTM.
- 在合成数据上进行预训练,特别是模拟较高PD活动的数据集,在真实数据上下游性能提高了10-20% (MCC).
- 对齐不良的合成数据可能会阻碍概括,强调需要精确的噪声校准和域对齐的模拟.
结论:
- 架构选择对于有效检测空中线路中的PD至关重要.
- 精心设计的合成数据是提高PD监测可靠性和成本效益的强大工具,特别是当真正的标记数据稀缺时.
- 混合式方法为动力传输系统的预防性维护提供了一个实际的解决方案.
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