相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Selective Viral Transduction of Adult-born Olfactory Neurons for Chronic in vivo Optogenetic Stimulation

Selective Viral Transduction of Adult-born Olfactory Neurons for Chronic in vivo Optogenetic Stimulation

Published on: December 28, 2011

嗅觉视觉综合训练对病毒后嗅觉功能障碍的有效性:一项随机对照试验

Zhenni Tian^1,2, Xi Wang², Jiadi He²

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

|December 22, 2025

概括

嗅觉训练与视觉刺激相结合,在后病毒性嗅觉功能障碍患者中快速改善了嗅觉功能. 高等教育和女性性别与更好的嗅觉训练结果有关.

科学领域:

神经学神经学
耳鼻喉科耳鼻喉科耳鼻喉科
感官科学感官科学

背景情况:

后病毒性嗅觉功能障碍 (PVOD) 是嗅觉丧失的常见原因之一.
嗅觉训练 (OT) 是对嗅觉功能障碍的标准治疗方法,涉及重复暴露于气味,以再生嗅觉通路.
确定最有效的OT方法对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.

研究的目的:

在病毒后嗅觉功能障碍 (PVOD) 患者中比较不同嗅觉训练 (OT) 方法的有效性.
研究嗅觉视觉联合刺激对嗅觉功能恢复的影响.
探索影响OT有效性的因素,如教育水平和性别.

主要方法:

120名PVOD患者被随机分为四组:OT-4 (4种气味),OT-8 (8种气味),OT-4+VS (4种带有视觉刺激的气味) 和OT-0 (无气味控制).
培训包括六个月的每天两次5分钟的课程.
嗅觉功能使用中国嗅觉识别测试 (CSIT),嗅觉视觉模拟量表 (VAS),嗅觉裂内镜评分 (OCES),嗅觉障碍问卷 (QOD) 和患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9) 进行评估.

主要成果:

所有三个OT组 (OT-4,OT-8,OT-4+VS) 的CSIT与对照组相比显著改善 (p < 0.05).
OT-4+VS组表现出最快,最有效的嗅觉改善.
虽然OT-4和OT-8没有显著的CSIT差异,但OT-8在研究后半年有所改善. OT-4和OT-4+VS显著改善了VAS得分 (p < 0.05).
在任何组中都没有观察到OCES,QOD或PHQ-9分数的显著改善.
高等教育水平与更大的嗅觉功能的改善相关 (p < 0.01),女性患者报告了更好的CSIT和VAS分数 (p < 0.01,p < 0.001).

结论:

与传统的OT相比,联合嗅觉视觉刺激提供了一种快速有效的方法来改善PVOD患者的嗅觉功能.
教育水平和性别可能在嗅觉培训干预措施的成功中发挥作用.
进一步的研究可能会探索优化嗅觉视觉训练协议,以促进恢复.

关键词:

嗅觉功能障碍嗅觉功能障碍嗅觉培训嗅觉培训嗅觉培训嗅觉视觉结合训练嗅觉视觉结合训练后病毒性嗅觉障碍 (PVOD) 后病毒性嗅觉障碍上呼吸道感染的上呼吸道感染.

更多相关视频

Visually Mediated Odor Tracking During Flight in Drosophila

Visually Mediated Odor Tracking During Flight in Drosophila

Published on: January 26, 2009

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing

Published on: January 28, 2021

相关概念视频

Olfaction

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...