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用古老的DNA方法对具有挑战性的法医样本进行SNP基因型测试的比较评估

Adam Staadig^1,2, Maja Krzewińska^3,4, Maja Sidstedt⁵

¹Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Artillerigatan 12, Linköping, SE-587 58, Sweden. adam.staadig@liu.se.

|December 23, 2025

概括

古老的DNA方法增强了退化样本的法医遗传学. FORCE和Twist SNP有效地测定遗传型,挑战失踪人员案件中的骨和牙DNA.

科学领域:

法医遗传学法医遗传学
古代的DNA研究研究.
基因造型技术的技术.

背景情况:

法医遗传学和古代DNA研究有着共同的挑战,尤其是退化DNA分析.
基于单核酸多态 (SNP) 的基因型定型试验对于分析具有挑战性的法医样本至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估三种基于SNP的基因型鉴定试验,以评估它们在分析失踪人员案件中退化的DNA方面的有效性.
为了比较FORCE-QIAseq SNP面板,Twist古代DNA捕获面板和全基因组测序 (WGS) 在具有挑战性的法医样本上的性能.

主要方法:

从失踪人员案件中分析了20个骨和牙样本.
使用FORCE-QIAseq SNP面板,Twist古代DNA杂交捕获面板,以及全基因组测序.
评估DNA降解,可量化的DNA度和人类DNA读数的比例.

主要成果:

无论是FORCE和Twist测试,都从具有较低内源DNA的严重退化的样本中产生了大量的基因型.
全基因组测序与向分析相比,SNP调用次数较少.
可能的基因型定型,增加测序深度或基因型归因可以改善WGS对法医的实用性.

结论:

古老的DNA方法对于分析退化的法医样本是有效的.
测试选择应考虑样本的条件和调查目标在法医和古代DNA研究.

关键词:

古代的DNA 古代的DNA 骨头骨头骨头骨头退化的DNA.法医遗传学法医遗传学法医调查遗传谱系研究混合化捕获的捕获方式大规模并行测序.在SNP中,SNP是SNP.整个基因组测序的测序

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