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科学领域:

  • 牙科植入物学 牙科植入物学
  • 牙周病学 牙周病学
  • 生物材料科学 生物材料科学

背景情况:

  • 牙植入物广泛用于牙置换.
  • 周植入体疾病,如粘膜炎和周植入体炎,可能会损害植入体的寿命.
  • 了解影响植入物结果的因素对于临床成功至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了比较骨层 (BL) 和组织层 (TL) 植入物之间的长期存活率和周围植入物疾病患病率.
  • 评估植入物直径和其他风险指标对植入物治疗结果的影响.

主要方法:

  • 一项纵向研究包括了成年患者,这些患者使用非牙植入物支持的假肢.
  • 分析了临床和放射性结果,以及患者,解剖学,手术和假肢因素.
  • 平均随访时间为11.2年.

主要成果:

  • 在BL (99.4%) 和TL (98.2%) 植入物中,植入物存活率都很高.
  • 在BL和TL植入物之间,环植入物健康,粘膜炎和环植入物患病率是可比的.
  • 小径 (3.3mm) 的植入物显示出较低的周植入炎率 (7.2%) 与较大的植入物 (4.1mm,13.3%) 相比.
  • 值得注意的是,3.3毫米的TL植入物比BL植入物 (9.6%) 具有显著较低的周植入炎率 (4.8%).
  • 较高的斑块分数增加了粘膜炎和周植入炎的风险;吸烟是一个强烈的周植入炎指标.
  • 更大的粘膜厚度与粘膜炎和围部植入炎的几率降低有关.

结论:

  • BL和TL植入物在非牙部位的长期存活率和周植入物疾病率相似.
  • 具有直径为3.3mm的组织级植入物可能会降低围部植入炎的风险.
  • 斑块积累和吸烟是围部植入体疾病的重要危险因素.
  • 增加的粘膜厚度似乎是对围部植入物条件的保护因素.